How do we study the Parables in the Bible?

As we study the Bible, we see that the authors used a variety of literary styles to communicate to people in a way they would understand. In fact, there are 9 major literary styles found in the Bible, including Law, Narrative, Poetry, Wisdom, Prophecy, Gospels, Parables, Letters, and Apocalyptic. Commonly used in their culture, the original hearers would’ve been familiar with these styles and would’ve known how to read each appropriately for their intended purpose. But what about us today?

How do we study the Parables in the Bible?

Jesus masterfully told around 40 parables in the Bible as stories and illustrations to communicate a message about the nature of the kingdom of God or to understand and respond to Jesus’ ministry.

How is it unique?

Parables often had a shock value. Like a good joke, the ending wasn’t what one expected and it’s only impactful if you understand the reference points – which is much harder for us removed from their culture by 2000 years and reading the stories instead of hearing them. 

What was its purpose? 

Parables were told to get a response. Every detail did not have hidden meaning, rather the point was understood in a way that touched the conscience and made people consider their own actions more than being told what to do ever could. 

Why should I read it today?

Jesus captured the imagination with parables, encouraging people to think and ask questions and make their own discoveries. Parables can do the same for us today and give us a fresh perspective on what God is doing. 

How do I get the most out of it?

• Who is the audience and how would the original hearer have heard this? How does the parable influence and challenge the original audience’s thinking?
• What cultural reference points would the original hearer have known that I miss?
• Does the parable have characters and how are they described?
• Does the parable have an unexpected ending that highlights the point Jesus was trying to make?
• If Jesus were to make this point today, what parable might He tell?

Interested in a more in-depth Bible study on Parables? Check out the 13-week Parables Bible Study or check out episode 108 of The Chara Project Podcast on How to Study Parables, available on YouTube and most podcasting sites.

Interested in learning more about other Literary Styles of the Bible? Check out this article.